Amazon Neptune

name: Amazon Neptune
description: >-
  Amazon Neptune is a fast, reliable, fully managed graph database service
  that makes it easy to build and run applications that work with highly
  connected datasets. It supports property graph and RDF models, with
  multiple query languages including Gremlin, SPARQL, and openCypher.
image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
tags:
- AWS
- Database
- Graph Database
- Gremlin
- Neptune
- Property Graph
- RDF
- SPARQL
created: '2024'
modified: '2026-04-19'
specificationVersion: '0.18'
apis:
- name: Amazon Neptune Management API
  description: >-
    Amazon Neptune Management API for creating, managing, and deleting Neptune
    DB clusters, instances, parameter groups, snapshots, and related
    infrastructure resources.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/
  baseUrl: https://rds.{region}.amazonaws.com
  tags:
  - AWS
  - Cluster Management
  - Database Management
  - Graph Database
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/intro.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-management-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/api.html
  - type: Pricing
    url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/pricing/
  - type: Getting Started
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/get-started.html
  - type: SDKs
    url: https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/neptune.html
- name: Amazon Neptune Data API
  description: >-
    Amazon Neptune Data API provides SDK support for more than 40 data
    operations including data loading, query execution, data inquiry, and
    machine learning. It supports Gremlin and openCypher query languages.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/data-api.html
  baseUrl: https://neptune-db.{region}.amazonaws.com
  tags:
  - Data API
  - Data Operations
  - Graph Query
  - SDK
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/data-api.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-data-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/data-api/Welcome.html
  - type: SDKs
    url: https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/neptunedata.html
  - type: CLI Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/cli/latest/reference/neptunedata/
  - type: JavaScript SDK
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSJavaScriptSDK/v3/latest/client/neptunedata/
  - type: Go SDK
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/sdk-for-go/api/service/neptunedata/
- name: Neptune Gremlin API
  description: >-
    Apache TinkerPop Gremlin graph traversal language API for querying
    property graphs in Neptune. It supports both WebSocket and HTTP REST
    endpoints for submitting Gremlin traversals.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-gremlin.html
  baseUrl: wss://{cluster-endpoint}:8182/gremlin
  tags:
  - Graph Traversal
  - Gremlin
  - Property Graph
  - Query Language
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-gremlin.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-gremlin-openapi.yml
  - type: Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/gremlin-api-reference.html
  - type: Gremlin Reference
    url: https://tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/
  - type: Best Practices
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/best-practices-gremlin.html
  - type: REST Endpoint
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-gremlin-rest.html
- name: Neptune SPARQL API
  description: >-
    W3C SPARQL 1.1 query language API for querying RDF graphs in Neptune.
    It provides an HTTP REST endpoint compatible with the SPARQL 1.1
    protocol specification.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-sparql.html
  baseUrl: https://{cluster-endpoint}:8182/sparql
  tags:
  - Query Language
  - RDF
  - Semantic Web
  - SPARQL
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-sparql.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-sparql-openapi.yml
  - type: SPARQL Reference
    url: https://www.w3.org/TR/sparql11-query/
  - type: Best Practices
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/best-practices-sparql.html
  - type: REST Endpoint
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-sparql-http-rest.html
- name: Neptune openCypher API
  description: >-
    openCypher graph query language API for querying property graphs with
    Cypher syntax in Neptune. It provides an HTTP endpoint for executing
    openCypher queries against property graph data.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-opencypher.html
  baseUrl: https://{cluster-endpoint}:8182/openCypher
  tags:
  - Cypher
  - openCypher
  - Property Graph
  - Query Language
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/access-graph-opencypher.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-opencypher-openapi.yml
  - type: openCypher Reference
    url: https://opencypher.org/
  - type: Best Practices
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/best-practices-opencypher.html
- name: Neptune Streams API
  description: >-
    Neptune Streams generates a complete sequence of change-log entries that
    record every change made to graph data as it happens, enabling real-time
    capture of graph mutations via a REST API.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/streams.html
  baseUrl: https://{cluster-endpoint}:8182
  tags:
  - Change Data Capture
  - Event Log
  - Real-Time
  - Streams
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/streams.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-streams-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/streams-using-api-call.html
  - type: Response Format
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/streams-using-api-reponse.html
  - type: Data API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/data-api-dp-streams.html
- name: Neptune Loader API
  description: >-
    Neptune bulk loader API for ingesting large volumes of data from Amazon
    S3 into a Neptune DB instance. It supports CSV formats for property
    graphs and multiple RDF serialization formats.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/bulk-load.html
  baseUrl: https://{cluster-endpoint}:8182/loader
  tags:
  - Bulk Import
  - Data Ingestion
  - Data Loading
  - ETL
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/bulk-load.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-loader-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/load-api-reference.html
  - type: Loader Command
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/load-api-reference-load.html
  - type: Data Formats
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/bulk-load-tutorial-format.html
  - type: Data API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/data-api-dp-loader.html
- name: Neptune ML API
  description: >-
    Neptune ML enables machine learning on graph data using graph neural
    networks. It provides APIs for data processing, model training, and
    inference endpoint management powered by Amazon SageMaker.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/machine-learning/
  baseUrl: https://{cluster-endpoint}:8182/ml
  tags:
  - Graph Neural Network
  - Machine Learning
  - Predictions
  - SageMaker
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/machine-learning.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-ml-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/machine-learning-api-reference.html
  - type: Model Training
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/data-api-dp-ml-training.html
  - type: Getting Started
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/machine-learning-overview.html
- name: Neptune Analytics API
  description: >-
    Neptune Analytics is a memory-optimized graph database engine for
    analytics, providing optimized graph analytic algorithms, low-latency
    queries, and vector search capabilities within graph traversals.
  image: https://a0.awsstatic.com/libra-css/images/logos/aws_logo_smile_1200x630.png
  humanUrl: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune-analytics/latest/userguide/what-is-neptune-analytics.html
  baseUrl: https://neptune-graph.{region}.amazonaws.com
  tags:
  - Analytics
  - Graph Analytics
  - In-Memory
  - Vector Search
  properties:
  - type: Documentation
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune-analytics/latest/userguide/what-is-neptune-analytics.html
  - type: OpenAPI
    url: openapi/amazon-neptune-analytics-openapi.yml
  - type: API Reference
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune-analytics/latest/apiref/Welcome.html
  - type: SDKs
    url: https://boto3.amazonaws.com/v1/documentation/api/latest/reference/services/neptune-graph.html
  - type: Getting Started
    url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune-analytics/latest/userguide/gettingStarted-accessing.html
integrations:
  - name: Partner Programs
  - name: Resources
  - name: Success Stories
  - name: Work with an AWS Partner
  - name: AWS Marketplace
  - name: AWS Partner Central
  - name: Partner Paths
  - name: co-sell with AWS
maintainers:
- name: Kin Lane
  email: [email protected]
  url: https://apievangelist.com
common:
- type: Portal
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/
- type: Documentation
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/
- type: Getting Started
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/getting-started/
- type: Authentication
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/iam-auth.html
- type: Blog
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/database/category/database/amazon-neptune/
- type: Change Log
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/doc-history.html
- type: Release Notes
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/engine-releases.html
- type: Status
  url: https://health.aws.amazon.com/
- type: Support
  url: https://repost.aws/tags/TAxVAEdWg1SrS0lClUSX-m_Q
- type: Terms of Service
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/service-terms/
- type: Privacy Policy
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/privacy/
- type: GitHub Organization
  url: https://github.com/aws
- type: Community
  url: https://repost.aws/
- type: Website
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/
- type: Login
  url: https://console.aws.amazon.com/neptune/
- type: Sign Up
  url: https://portal.aws.amazon.com/billing/signup
- type: FAQs
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/faqs/
- type: Features
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/features/
- type: Security
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/security.html
- type: Service Level Agreement
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/sla/
- type: Console
  url: https://console.aws.amazon.com/neptune/
- type: GitHub Samples
  url: https://github.com/aws-samples/amazon-neptune-samples
- type: SDKs
  url: https://docs.aws.amazon.com/neptune/latest/userguide/using-neptune-apis.html
- type: Tools
  url: https://github.com/awslabs/amazon-neptune-tools
- type: Pricing
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/neptune/pricing/
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-context.jsonld
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-db-cluster-schema.json
  title: DB Cluster Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-db-instance-schema.json
  title: DB Instance Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-graph-element-schema.json
  title: Graph Element Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-loader-job-schema.json
  title: Loader Job Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-stream-record-schema.json
  title: Stream Record Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-analytics-graph-schema.json
  title: Analytics Graph Schema
- type: JSONSchema
  url: json-schema/amazon-neptune-ml-job-schema.json
  title: ML Job Schema
- type: Features
  data:
  - name: Serverless Graph Database
    description: Automatically scales compute and memory resources based on workload demands without requiring capacity planning.
  - name: Multiple Query Language Support
    description: Supports Apache TinkerPop Gremlin, openCypher, and SPARQL 1.1 query languages for property graph and RDF models.
  - name: High Availability
    description: Multi-AZ deployment with up to 15 read replicas, automated failover, and continuous backups with point-in-time recovery up to 35 days.
  - name: Global Database
    description: Multi-region replication with sub-second latency across up to five secondary clusters for global applications.
  - name: Neptune Analytics
    description: Memory-optimized graph analytics engine for analyzing tens of billions of relationships within seconds with vector search capabilities.
  - name: GraphRAG Support
    description: Fully managed GraphRAG with Amazon Bedrock Knowledge Bases for AI-enhanced graph retrieval augmented generation.
  - name: Machine Learning on Graphs
    description: Native graph neural network support via Neptune ML powered by Amazon SageMaker for link prediction and node classification.
  - name: ACID Transactions
    description: Full ACID transaction support ensuring data consistency and integrity across graph operations.
  - name: AWS Security Integration
    description: VPC network isolation, IAM resource permissions, AWS KMS encryption, TLS in-transit encryption, and CloudWatch audit logging.
  - name: Auto-Expanding Storage
    description: Storage automatically grows up to 128 TiB with self-healing architecture spanning three availability zones.
- type: UseCases
  data:
  - name: Knowledge Graphs and GraphRAG
    description: Build knowledge graphs to enhance AI accuracy, comprehensiveness, and explainability using GraphRAG with Amazon Bedrock.
  - name: Fraud Detection
    description: Model transaction and account relationship networks to detect fraudulent patterns in near real-time using graph traversals.
  - name: Customer 360
    description: Build unified customer profile graphs linking purchases, preferences, and interactions for personalization and marketing.
  - name: Cybersecurity and Threat Detection
    description: Model IT infrastructure as a connected graph to detect attack paths, anomalies, and proactive threats.
  - name: Recommendation Engines
    description: Power product and content recommendation engines by traversing user-item relationship graphs.
  - name: Social Networks
    description: Model and query highly connected social graph data for applications requiring relationship traversal at scale.
  - name: Network and IT Operations
    description: Map network topology, dependencies, and configuration relationships for operations and impact analysis.
  - name: Supply Chain Management
    description: Model complex supply chain relationships and dependencies for optimization and risk analysis.
- type: Integrations
  data:
  - name: Amazon Bedrock
    description: Integration with Bedrock Knowledge Bases for fully managed GraphRAG and AI-enhanced knowledge graph applications.
  - name: Amazon SageMaker
    description: Neptune ML uses SageMaker for training graph neural network models on Neptune graph data.
  - name: Amazon S3
    description: Bulk data loading from S3 using the Neptune Loader API with CSV and RDF serialization format support.
  - name: AWS IAM
    description: Fine-grained resource-level access control and role-based permissions via AWS Identity and Access Management.
  - name: Amazon CloudWatch
    description: Metrics, logs, and audit logging for monitoring Neptune cluster performance and compliance.
  - name: AWS KMS
    description: Encryption at rest using AWS Key Management Service for customer-managed key support.
  - name: Amazon VPC
    description: Network isolation using Amazon Virtual Private Cloud with security group and firewall controls.
  - name: Apache TinkerPop
    description: Gremlin graph traversal language and TinkerPop ecosystem integration for property graph querying.
  - name: Strands AI Agents SDK
    description: Integration with Strands AI Agents SDK and popular agentic memory tools for AI agent applications.
- type: SpectralRules
  url: rules/amazon-neptune-spectral-rules.yml
- type: Vocabulary
  url: vocabulary/amazon-neptune-vocabulary.yaml
- type: NaftikoCapability
  url: capabilities/neptune-graph-management.yaml
- type: NaftikoCapability
  url: capabilities/neptune-analytics-ml.yaml
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-analytics-context.jsonld
  title: Analytics Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-data-context.jsonld
  title: Data Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-gremlin-context.jsonld
  title: Gremlin Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-loader-context.jsonld
  title: Loader Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-management-context.jsonld
  title: Management Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-ml-context.jsonld
  title: Ml Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-opencypher-context.jsonld
  title: Opencypher Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-sparql-context.jsonld
  title: Sparql Context
- type: JSON-LD
  url: json-ld/amazon-neptune-streams-context.jsonld
  title: Streams Context
- type: Integrations
  url: https://aws.amazon.com/partners/